To date, the best-performing blind super-resolution (SR) techniques follow one of two paradigms: A) generate and train a standard SR network on synthetic low-resolution - high-resolution (LR - HR) pairs or B) attempt to predict the degradations an LR image has suffered and use these to inform a customised SR network. Despite significant progress, subscribers to the former miss out on useful degradation information that could be used to improve the SR process. On the other hand, followers of the latter rely on weaker SR networks, which are significantly outperformed by the latest architectural advancements. In this work, we present a framework for combining any blind SR prediction mechanism with any deep SR network, using a metadata insertion block to insert prediction vectors into SR network feature maps. Through comprehensive testing, we prove that state-of-the-art contrastive and iterative prediction schemes can be successfully combined with high-performance SR networks such as RCAN and HAN within our framework. We show that our hybrid models consistently achieve stronger SR performance than both their non-blind and blind counterparts. Furthermore, we demonstrate our framework's robustness by predicting degradations and super-resolving images from a complex pipeline of blurring, noise and compression.

可解释的人工智能（XAI）越来越多地用于分析神经网络的行为。概念激活使用人解剖概念来解释神经网络行为。这项研究旨在评估回归概念激活的可行性，以解释多模式体积数据的检测和分类。概念验证证明是在前列腺发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）成像的转移性前列腺癌患者中证明的。多模式的体积概念激活用于提供全球和局部解释。敏感性为80％，为每位患者的假阳性为1.78。全球解释表明，检测集中在CT上的解剖位置和PET上的检测信心。当地的解释显示出有望有助于区分真实积极因素和误报。因此，这项研究证明了使用回归概念激活来解释多模式体积数据的检测和分类的可行性。

该报告说明了基于音频和视频数据的最成功的AAL应用程序和功能的艺术状态，即（i）生命式和自我监控，（ii）对生命体征的远程监控，（iii）情绪状态识别，（（iv）食物摄入量监测，活动和行为认识，（v）活动和个人帮助，（vi）手势识别，（vii）秋季检测和预防，（viii）移动性评估和脆弱的识别以及（IX）认知和运动康复。对于这些应用程序方案，该报告说明了科学进步，可用产品和研究项目的状态。开放的挑战也被突出显示。

我们研究基于Krylov子空间的迭代方法，用于在任何Schatten $ p $ Norm中的低级别近似值。在这里，通过矩阵向量产品访问矩阵$ a $ $如此$ \ | a（i -zz^\ top）\ | _ {s_p} \ leq（1+ \ epsilon）\ min_ {u^\ top u = i_k} } $，其中$ \ | m \ | _ {s_p} $表示$ m $的单数值的$ \ ell_p $ norm。对于$ p = 2 $（frobenius norm）和$ p = \ infty $（频谱规范）的特殊情况，musco and Musco（Neurips 2015）获得了基于Krylov方法的算法，该方法使用$ \ tilde {o}（k）（k /\ sqrt {\ epsilon}）$ matrix-vector产品，改进na \“ ive $ \ tilde {o}（k/\ epsilon）$依赖性，可以通过功率方法获得，其中$ \ tilde {o} $抑制均可抑制poly $（\ log（dk/\ epsilon））$。我们的主要结果是仅使用$ \ tilde {o}（kp^{1/6}/\ epsilon^{1/3} {1/3}）$ matrix $ matrix的算法 - 矢量产品，并为所有$ p \ geq 1 $。为$ p = 2 $工作，我们的限制改进了先前的$ \ tilde {o}（k/\ epsilon^{1/2}）$绑定到$ \ tilde {o}（k/\ epsilon^{1/3}）$。由于schatten- $ p $和schatten-$ \ infty $ norms在$（1+ \ epsilon）$ pers $ p时相同\ geq（\ log d）/\ epsilon $，我们的界限恢复了Musco和Musco的结果，以$ p = \ infty $。此外，我们证明了矩阵矢量查询$ \ omega的下限（1/\ epsilon^ {1/3}）$对于任何固定常数$ p \ geq 1 $，表明令人惊讶的$ \ tilde {\ theta}（1/\ epsilon^{ 1/3}）$是常数〜$ k $的最佳复杂性。为了获得我们的结果，我们介绍了几种新技术，包括同时对多个Krylov子空间进行优化，以及针对分区操作员的不平等现象。我们在[1,2] $中以$ p \的限制使用了Araki-lieb-thirring Trace不平等，而对于$ p> 2 $，我们呼吁对安装分区操作员的规范压缩不平等。

我们的目标是在杂乱的家庭笼环境中跟踪和识别小鼠，作为对生物学研究的自动行为识别的前兆。这是一个非常具有挑战性的问题，因为（i）缺乏对每只鼠标的视觉特征，（ii）具有恒定遮挡的场景的紧密范围，使标准的视觉跟踪方法无法使用。然而，每个鼠标位置的粗略估计可从唯一的RFID植入物中获得，因此有可能最佳地将来自（弱）跟踪的信息与关于身份的粗略信息相结合。为了实现我们的目标，我们提出以下关键贡献：（a）将识别问题的制定作为分配问题（使用整数线性编程解决），（b）轨迹和RFID数据之间的亲和力的新概率模型。后者是模型的关键部分，因为它提供了对特定粗糙定位的物体检测的原则性概率处理。我们的方法在该识别问题上实现了77％的准确性，并且能够在隐藏动物时拒绝杂散的检测。

在数值线性代数社区中，建议要获得诸如等级计算等各种问题的几乎最佳边界，找到最大线性独立的列（基础），回归或低秩近似，自然方式是解决尼尔森和尼文森的主要开放问题（Focs，2013）。该问题关于现有的忽略子空间嵌入的草图维度的对数因子，实现了恒因子近似的嵌入。我们展示了如何使用精细的草图技术绕过这个问题，并获得这些问题的最佳或几乎最佳的范围。我们使用的关键技术是基于不确定原理和提取器的Indyk的明确映射，在首次应用已知的漏窃子空间嵌入后，允许我们快速展开载体的质量，以便采样现在有效。由此，我们避免了在使用矩阵Chernoff不平等的界限中是标准的草图维度的对数因子。对于排名计算的基本问题和找到基础，我们的算法改善了张，郭和刘（Jacm，2013），并且在恒因因子和多个（日志日志（n）） - 因子中是最佳的。此外，对于恒定因子回归和低秩近似，我们给出了当前矩阵乘法指数的第一个最佳算法。

我们创建经典的（非量词）动态数据结构，为推荐系统和最小二乘回归的查询提供了与量子类似物相当的查询。近年来，这种算法的去量化引起了人们的关注。我们为这些问题获得了更清晰的界限。更重要的是，我们通过争辩说，这些问题的先前量子启发算法正在做杠杆或脊杠杆得分取样，以实现这些改进。这些是随机数值线性代数中强大而标准的技术。有了这种识别，我们能够在数值线性代数中采用大量工作来获得这些问题的算法，这些算法比现有方法更简单或更快（或两者兼而有之）。我们的实验表明，所提出的数据结构在现实世界数据集上也很好地工作。

Accurate determination of a small molecule candidate (ligand) binding pose in its target protein pocket is important for computer-aided drug discovery. Typical rigid-body docking methods ignore the pocket flexibility of protein, while the more accurate pose generation using molecular dynamics is hindered by slow protein dynamics. We develop a tiered tensor transform (3T) algorithm to rapidly generate diverse protein-ligand complex conformations for both pose and affinity estimation in drug screening, requiring neither machine learning training nor lengthy dynamics computation, while maintaining both coarse-grain-like coordinated protein dynamics and atomistic-level details of the complex pocket. The 3T conformation structures we generate are closer to experimental co-crystal structures than those generated by docking software, and more importantly achieve significantly higher accuracy in active ligand classification than traditional ensemble docking using hundreds of experimental protein conformations. 3T structure transformation is decoupled from the system physics, making future usage in other computational scientific domains possible.

Variational autoencoders model high-dimensional data by positing low-dimensional latent variables that are mapped through a flexible distribution parametrized by a neural network. Unfortunately, variational autoencoders often suffer from posterior collapse: the posterior of the latent variables is equal to its prior, rendering the variational autoencoder useless as a means to produce meaningful representations. Existing approaches to posterior collapse often attribute it to the use of neural networks or optimization issues due to variational approximation. In this paper, we consider posterior collapse as a problem of latent variable non-identifiability. We prove that the posterior collapses if and only if the latent variables are non-identifiable in the generative model. This fact implies that posterior collapse is not a phenomenon specific to the use of flexible distributions or approximate inference. Rather, it can occur in classical probabilistic models even with exact inference, which we also demonstrate. Based on these results, we propose a class of latent-identifiable variational autoencoders, deep generative models which enforce identifiability without sacrificing flexibility. This model class resolves the problem of latent variable non-identifiability by leveraging bijective Brenier maps and parameterizing them with input convex neural networks, without special variational inference objectives or optimization tricks. Across synthetic and real datasets, latent-identifiable variational autoencoders outperform existing methods in mitigating posterior collapse and providing meaningful representations of the data.

Differentiable Architecture Search (DARTS) has attracted considerable attention as a gradient-based Neural Architecture Search (NAS) method. Since the introduction of DARTS, there has been little work done on adapting the action space based on state-of-art architecture design principles for CNNs. In this work, we aim to address this gap by incrementally augmenting the DARTS search space with micro-design changes inspired by ConvNeXt and studying the trade-off between accuracy, evaluation layer count, and computational cost. To this end, we introduce the Pseudo-Inverted Bottleneck conv block intending to reduce the computational footprint of the inverted bottleneck block proposed in ConvNeXt. Our proposed architecture is much less sensitive to evaluation layer count and outperforms a DARTS network with similar size significantly, at layer counts as small as 2. Furthermore, with less layers, not only does it achieve higher accuracy with lower GMACs and parameter count, GradCAM comparisons show that our network is able to better detect distinctive features of target objects compared to DARTS.